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TPA Ventures

PWN template kit

Prior Written Notice, written so a parent can follow the reasoning.

Five scenarios, seven required elements each, with worked examples from a fictional district.

Proposing an initial evaluation

Lakeview School District proposes to initiate the identification and evaluation of a child suspected of having a disability. Prior written notice is required before the district evaluates (34 CFR § 300.503(a)(1)) and is provided with the request for informed parental consent (34 CFR § 300.300(a)). The 60-day evaluation timeline begins when the district receives signed consent (34 CFR § 300.301(c)(1)).

  1. 01 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(1)

    Description of the action proposed or refused

    Lakeview School District proposes to conduct a full and individual initial evaluation of the Student, a third grader at Maple Ridge Elementary, to determine whether the Student is a child with a disability under IDEA and, if so, the Student's educational needs. The evaluation will assess reading, written language, cognitive processing, communication and classroom behavior. Testing will begin within 10 school days of receiving your signed consent.

  2. 02 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(2)

    Explanation of why the district proposes or refuses the action

    The district is proposing this evaluation because it has reason to suspect a disability that may require special education. Despite 14 weeks of Tier 3 reading intervention delivered 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, the Student's oral reading fluency rose from 38 to 46 words correct per minute, a growth rate of 0.6 words per week against an expected rate of 1.5. The Student Support Team met on September 22, 2026 and recommended a referral for evaluation.

  3. 03 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(3)

    Each evaluation procedure, assessment, record or report used as a basis

    The team relied on: weekly oral reading fluency probes from May 4 to September 18, 2026 (14 data points, median 44 words correct per minute, 91 percent accuracy); the fall 2026 universal reading screener, which placed the Student at the 9th percentile; grade 2 report cards showing Beginning marks in reading foundations; a classroom observation by the reading specialist on September 15, 2026; vision and hearing screenings passed on August 28, 2026; and the parent's written concerns submitted September 10, 2026.

  4. 04 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(4)

    Procedural safeguards protections and how to obtain a copy

    As the parent of a child being referred for evaluation, you have protections under the procedural safeguards of IDEA. A copy of the Notice of Procedural Safeguards is enclosed with this notice because this is an initial referral. You may request another copy at any time from the Office of Special Education or download it from the district website.

  5. 05 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(5)

    Sources for parents to contact for help understanding IDEA

    For help understanding these rights, you may contact the Lakeview School District Office of Special Education at (555) 014-2290, the Student's case manager at Maple Ridge Elementary, the Parent Training and Information Center for your state, or the special education office of the state department of education, which can also explain the mediation and complaint options available to you.

  6. 06 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(6)

    Other options considered and why they were rejected

    The team considered continuing Tier 3 intervention for another 8 weeks without an evaluation. This option was rejected because the Student's data already show insufficient response over 14 weeks, and continued intervention cannot be used to delay an evaluation when a disability is suspected. The team also considered a reading-only evaluation and rejected it because the Student's written language and attention concerns also need to be assessed.

  7. 07 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(7)

    Other factors relevant to the proposal or refusal

    The Student's primary language is English and assessments will be administered in English. The Student will continue to receive Tier 3 reading intervention while the evaluation is in progress. No evaluation will begin until the district receives your signed consent, and you may contact the case manager at any time to share information you would like the team to consider.

Refusing a parent's request for evaluation

A parent asks Lakeview School District to evaluate the Student for special education and the district declines. Refusing to initiate an evaluation is a refusal under 34 CFR § 300.503(a)(2), so the district must give prior written notice a reasonable time after the decision and before the matter is closed. The parent may challenge the refusal through mediation or a due process complaint.

  1. 01 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(1)

    Description of the action proposed or refused

    Lakeview School District refuses your October 2, 2026 written request for a special education evaluation of the Student, a sixth grader at Cedar Hill Middle School, for a suspected specific learning disability in mathematics. The district will instead continue the Tier 2 math support already in place and review the Student's progress with you at a meeting on December 10, 2026.

  2. 02 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(2)

    Explanation of why the district proposes or refuses the action

    The team reviewed all available data and does not, at this time, have reason to suspect that the Student has a disability requiring special education. Since Tier 2 support began on August 31, 2026, the Student's math computation scores rose from 14 to 27 correct digits per two-minute probe, which is above the expected growth rate, and the Student's current quarter grade in Math 6 is a C+. The Student scored in the Approaching Expectations range on the spring 2026 state math assessment, up one level from the prior year.

  3. 03 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(3)

    Each evaluation procedure, assessment, record or report used as a basis

    The team relied on: eight weekly math computation probes from August 31 to October 19, 2026; fall 2026 math screener results at the 31st percentile; spring 2025 and spring 2026 state math assessment results; quarter 1 grades and teacher comments from all core classes; attendance records showing 97 percent attendance; and your letter of October 2, 2026 describing homework difficulties and frustration at home.

  4. 04 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(4)

    Procedural safeguards protections and how to obtain a copy

    You have protections under the procedural safeguards of IDEA, including the right to challenge this refusal. Because you requested an evaluation, a copy of the Notice of Procedural Safeguards is enclosed. Additional copies are available from the Office of Special Education or on the district website.

  5. 05 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(5)

    Sources for parents to contact for help understanding IDEA

    You may contact the Lakeview School District Office of Special Education at (555) 014-2290, the Cedar Hill Middle School counselor, your state's Parent Training and Information Center, or the state department of education's special education office for help understanding this decision and your options, including mediation and filing a due process complaint.

  6. 06 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(6)

    Other options considered and why they were rejected

    The team considered proceeding with a full initial evaluation. This was rejected because current data show an adequate response to intervention and no other indicators of a disability, such as concerns in reading, language, attention or behavior. The team also considered a Section 504 referral and rejected it because no physical or mental impairment has been identified that substantially limits a major life activity.

  7. 07 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(7)

    Other factors relevant to the proposal or refusal

    This decision is not permanent. If the Student's progress slows, or if you share new information such as an outside evaluation or medical diagnosis, the team will reconvene promptly to reconsider. The district will send you biweekly progress graphs from the Tier 2 group so you can follow the Student's growth.

Proposing a change of placement

The IEP team proposes to change the Student's educational placement, for example from a general education classroom with resource support to a special class for most of the school day. Prior written notice is required a reasonable time before the district changes placement (34 CFR § 300.503(a)(1)), and the placement must comply with the least restrictive environment rules (34 CFR §§ 300.114 to 300.116).

  1. 01 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(1)

    Description of the action proposed or refused

    Lakeview School District proposes to change the Student's educational placement from the general education classroom with 60 minutes a day of resource room support to a special class for English language arts and math (150 minutes a day), with the Student remaining in general education for science, social studies, specials, lunch and recess. The Student will spend about 58 percent of the school day with nondisabled peers. The proposed start date is January 5, 2027.

  2. 02 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(2)

    Explanation of why the district proposes or refuses the action

    The team, including you, agreed at the November 12, 2026 IEP meeting that the Student is not making progress appropriate in light of the Student's circumstances in the current placement. The Student met 1 of 4 annual reading and math goals at the last reporting period, and progress monitoring shows reading comprehension flat at 2 of 10 questions correct over 12 weeks. The Student needs explicit, small-group instruction for a longer block than can be delivered in the general education classroom, even with the supplementary aids and services already tried.

  3. 03 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(3)

    Each evaluation procedure, assessment, record or report used as a basis

    The team relied on: the reevaluation report dated October 20, 2026, including WISC-V and WJ IV results; IEP progress reports from March, June and October 2026; 12 weeks of reading comprehension and math problem-solving probes; data from a co-teaching trial in ELA from August 24 to October 30, 2026; general and special education teacher reports; and your input shared at the November 12 meeting.

  4. 04 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(4)

    Procedural safeguards protections and how to obtain a copy

    You have protections under the procedural safeguards of IDEA. If you file a due process complaint about this change before it takes effect, the Student will generally remain in the current placement while the complaint is pending. You were provided the Notice of Procedural Safeguards on August 26, 2026, and you may request another copy at any time from the Office of Special Education.

  5. 05 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(5)

    Sources for parents to contact for help understanding IDEA

    For help understanding this proposal and your rights, contact the Student's case manager at Birchwood Elementary, the Lakeview School District Office of Special Education at (555) 014-2290, your state's Parent Training and Information Center, or the state department of education's special education office.

  6. 06 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(6)

    Other options considered and why they were rejected

    The team considered keeping the current placement with additional paraprofessional support, which was rejected because more adult support would not provide the specialized reading instruction the Student needs. The team considered co-taught ELA and math, which was tried for 10 weeks with no measurable growth. The team considered a separate special education school and rejected it as more restrictive than necessary, since the Student is succeeding in science, social studies and specials with peers.

  7. 07 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(7)

    Other factors relevant to the proposal or refusal

    The special class is located at the Student's current school, so there is no change in transportation or building. The Student's speech-language services of 60 minutes a month continue unchanged. The team will review progress at a meeting no later than April 15, 2027, and will consider returning the Student to the general education classroom for ELA or math as data support it.

Refusing a parent-requested service

A parent asks the IEP team to add a service, such as a full-time one-to-one paraprofessional, and the district declines. A refusal to change the provision of FAPE requires prior written notice (34 CFR § 300.503(a)(2)), and the notice should be provided after the IEP meeting at which the request was discussed.

  1. 01 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(1)

    Description of the action proposed or refused

    Lakeview School District refuses your request, made at the September 30, 2026 IEP meeting, to add a full-time one-to-one paraprofessional for the Student, a fourth grader at Maple Ridge Elementary. The district will instead add 30 minutes a day of check-in and check-out with the school counselor and a shared classroom paraprofessional during math and transitions, as written in the amended IEP.

  2. 02 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(2)

    Explanation of why the district proposes or refuses the action

    The team determined that a one-to-one aide is not necessary for the Student to receive FAPE and could reduce the Student's independence and peer interaction. Behavior data show off-task episodes occur mainly during math and transitions, averaging 6 per day in those settings and fewer than 1 per day elsewhere. The Student's behavior goal, to remain on task for 80 percent of 10-minute intervals, is being met in 3 of 5 subjects.

  3. 03 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(3)

    Each evaluation procedure, assessment, record or report used as a basis

    The team relied on: the functional behavioral assessment completed September 18, 2026; 20 school days of interval recording data from all classes; the current behavioral intervention plan and its fidelity checks; teacher rating scales from the BASC-3 completed in September 2026; IEP progress reports from June 2026; and your report that the Student is anxious at the start of each school day.

  4. 04 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(4)

    Procedural safeguards protections and how to obtain a copy

    You have protections under the procedural safeguards of IDEA, including the right to request mediation or file a due process complaint about this decision. You received the Notice of Procedural Safeguards on August 26, 2026. You may request another copy at any time from the Office of Special Education or the case manager.

  5. 05 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(5)

    Sources for parents to contact for help understanding IDEA

    You may contact the Student's case manager, the Lakeview School District Office of Special Education at (555) 014-2290, your state's Parent Training and Information Center, or the state department of education's special education office for help understanding this decision and how to dispute it.

  6. 06 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(6)

    Other options considered and why they were rejected

    The team considered a full-time one-to-one paraprofessional and rejected it because the data show the Student needs targeted support in two settings, not all day, and a dedicated adult across all settings would limit opportunities to build self-management skills. The team also considered making no change and rejected it because data show the current plan is not sufficient during math and transitions.

  7. 07 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(7)

    Other factors relevant to the proposal or refusal

    The team will collect behavior data for six weeks under the amended plan and will reconvene by November 20, 2026 to review it with you. If the Student's off-task behavior does not decrease by at least 50 percent in math and transitions, the team will consider additional supports, including the level of adult support you requested.

Proposing exit from special education after reevaluation

After a reevaluation, the team proposes that the Student is no longer a child with a disability who needs special education and related services. The district must evaluate before determining a child is no longer eligible (34 CFR § 300.305(e)(1)), and the proposal to change identification and end services requires prior written notice (34 CFR § 300.503(a)(1)).

  1. 01 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(1)

    Description of the action proposed or refused

    Lakeview School District proposes to find that the Student, a seventh grader at Cedar Hill Middle School, is no longer eligible for special education and related services under the category of speech or language impairment, and to end the Student's IEP and 60 minutes a month of speech-language services. The proposed exit date is February 1, 2027.

  2. 02 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(2)

    Explanation of why the district proposes or refuses the action

    The reevaluation shows that the Student's language skills are now within the average range and that the Student does not need specially designed instruction to make progress in the general education curriculum. The Student met all three speech-language goals in the current IEP, and the Student's grades in English language arts and social studies have been B or higher for four consecutive quarters.

  3. 03 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(3)

    Each evaluation procedure, assessment, record or report used as a basis

    The team relied on: the reevaluation report dated December 14, 2026, including CELF-5 results with a Core Language Score of 98 and index scores from 94 to 103; a language sample analysis completed November 30, 2026; classroom observations in English language arts and science; IEP progress reports from the last four reporting periods; report cards from 2025 to 2026; teacher input forms; and your input at the December 17, 2026 eligibility meeting.

  4. 04 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(4)

    Procedural safeguards protections and how to obtain a copy

    You have protections under the procedural safeguards of IDEA. If you disagree with this proposal you may request mediation or file a due process complaint, and if you do so before the exit date, services will generally continue while it is pending. You may also request an independent educational evaluation at public expense if you disagree with the reevaluation. A copy of the Notice of Procedural Safeguards is available from the Office of Special Education at any time.

  5. 05 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(5)

    Sources for parents to contact for help understanding IDEA

    For help understanding this proposal, contact the Student's case manager, the Lakeview School District Office of Special Education at (555) 014-2290, your state's Parent Training and Information Center, or the state department of education's special education office.

  6. 06 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(6)

    Other options considered and why they were rejected

    The team considered continuing eligibility with consultation-only speech-language services, which was rejected because a child who no longer needs specially designed instruction does not meet the second part of IDEA eligibility. The team also considered a reduced direct service schedule for one more year and rejected it because the Student has maintained grade-level performance without increased support.

  7. 07 · 34 CFR § 300.503(b)(7)

    Other factors relevant to the proposal or refusal

    The speech-language pathologist will check in with the Student's English teacher once during the spring semester after exit. The team discussed whether a Section 504 plan is needed and found no current need for accommodations. If concerns arise in the future, you may request a new evaluation at any time.

Generate a complete PWN after every IEP decision.

TPA Ventures prefills all seven elements from the meeting record and evaluation data, for staff to review and send.